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Case Study

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Enhancing LLM Accuracy Through Our Human-in-the-Loop Data Annotation

Challenge

The client’s large language models (LLMs) were producing a significant number of inaccurate and biased responses due to hallucinations (errors). Furthermore, the client wished to allocate their internal resources towards training and tuning their LLMs, rather than focusing on writing prompts and benchmarking responses. They concluded that outsourcing this task to experts would be more efficient and effective.

DDD’s Solution

Our solution involved creating a benchmark dataset for the client’s LLMs, focused on training and tuning quality. We achieved this through human-in-the-loop responses, which were derived from our own HITL-generated prompts. With a list of domain-specific topics provided by the client (e.g., Data Science, History, Accounting), our writers crafted prompts and responses using their deep domain expertise and knowledge.

Providing the Client with Quality Prompts and Responses That Minimized Hallucinations and Enhanced Performance

Impact

We delivered a comprehensive set of prompts in the proper syntax and style for each domain with factual responses. These resources enabled the client to easily verify, train, and tune their LLMs through a structured validation process.

This approach significantly reduced the occurrence of hallucinations and biased responses, leading to improved prompt responses, enhanced model performance, and an overall better user experience (UX).

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Harnessing AI and Human Expertise to Create a Reliable Digital Archive

Challenge

The “Dutch Cards” project was launched to digitize 1.7 million handwritten and typewritten Dutch civil records from 85 microfilm reels for archival use. Each card contains critical data, such as family names and registration numbers, with strict accuracy requirements: 98% for all fields and 99.8% for specific fields. The challenge included handling varied formats and mixed handwriting and typewritten text, making high-precision data extraction essential.

DDD’s Solution

To meet the Dutch government’s accuracy standards, DDD used a multi-step process. High-resolution scanning of 85 reels produced clear images, which were enhanced through cropping, de-skewing, and contrast adjustments for reliable extraction. DDD’s specialized software, trained to recognize varied card layouts using AI and rule-based algorithms, accurately mapped fields. OCR technology tailored for Dutch handwriting and typewritten text enabled precise extraction, while trained reviewers performed quality checks and corrected errors to achieve 99.8% accuracy in critical fields.

Transforming Historic Records with High-Tech Accuracy and Human Quality Assurance

Impact

While ongoing, the project now consistently delivers batches meeting the Dutch government’s high standards, ensuring an accurate digital archive of Dutch civil records. This enables the preservation of critical historical data with the precision required for government use.

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Leveraging Digital Transformation for Regulatory Compliance

Challenge

JWG, a leading RegTech firm, struggled to keep up with the fast-changing regulatory landscape. Traditional methods of managingdocuments were slow and inefficient, increasing non-compliancerisks and making it difficult for clients to access informationquickly. JWG needed a solution for converting and managing theirlarge archive of regulatory documents from PDF to HTML forbetter searchability and accessibility.

DD’s Solution

JWG partnered with Digital Divide Data (DDD) for converting thousands of PDF documents to HTML, making them easier to search and access. DDD also implemented data tracking systems for monitoring document status and conducted thorough quality checks to ensure accuracy and consistency. This helped JWG deliver standardized, reliable regulatory information to their clients.

Enhancing Searchability, Accessibility, and Efficiency in the Financial Services Industry

Impact

The collaboration improved regulatory compliance management and efficiency. The streamlined conversion process saved time and resources for JWG, allowing them to focus on strategic initiatives. The user-friendly HTML format also improved the client experience, making it easier to find and access content.

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Meeting Multilingual Demands in Scientific Publishing with Content Transformation

Challenge

Elsevier, a global leader in science and health publishing, neededa cost-effective, high-quality solution for transforming non-Englishcontent. This required skilled language experts for multiplelanguages, including German, French, Spanish, Polish, Portuguese,Turkish, Italian, and Korean. The Lancet journal’s S100 content alsodemanded a high-priority, quick turnaround.

DDD’s SolutionElsevier

To meet Elsevier’s requirements, DDD hired and trained language experts in each required language, instructing them on Elsevier’s XML specifications to ensure accurate markup on manuscripts. These experts also conducted quality assurance checks, while a dedicated team was assigned to handle the high-priority S100 articles for the Lancet.

Empowering Scientific Communication with Effective Content Transformation Across different Languages.

Impact

Elsevier was highly satisfied with the quality and accuracy of the processed content, meeting both the language and time-sensitive demands of the project.

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Modernizing Legal Frameworks for Better Decision-Making

Modernizing Legal Frameworks for Better Decision-Making

Challenge

Laws.Africa faced a critical challenge in addressing the limited access to reliable and up-to-date legal information across many African countries. Their client, often comprising government agencies and legal professionals, struggled with outdated legal frameworks that lacked consistent and current legislation. This inconsistency not only hindered effective legal decision-making but also impeded the delivery of justice.

DDD’s Solution

Through the collaboration with Digital Divide Data (DDD), physical legal documents are converted into digital formats, making them accessible online. This initiative includes capacity-building efforts, training programs for legal professionals, and the development of partnerships that foster innovative legal tech solutions tailored to the African context. By leveraging open law software, Laws.Africa provides essential resources to enhance public access to legal information.

Accurate Digitization to Create an Inclusive Library Experience for All Readers.

Impact

The partnership between DDD and Laws.Africa has achieved significant outcomes, benefiting over 3 million annual users through accessible online legal resources. Digitized legal information has driven the development of legal tech solutions, transforming the legal landscape into a more accessible and efficient system for citizens.

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Streamlining

Streamlining Legal Research with Complete Case Notes

Challenge

A major legal publisher faced the challenge of creating detailed case notes for both archived and ongoing live cases. The objective was to enhance the research capabilities of attorneys by making judgments more accessible and searchable through structured metadata and concise summaries. The task required swift processing of daily judgments with high accuracy to support timely access to legal information.

DDD’s Solution

DDD formed a specialized team of law graduates and postgraduates skilled in legal analysis and documentation. This team was able to work on archived cases and quickly shift to processing live judgments as they became available. This strategy allowed them to consistently meet the three-hour turnaround time for live case notes. Their workflow involved downloading judgments, compiling detailed metadata—such as case citations, court and judge information, plaintiff and defendant names, and judgment dates—and creating summary notes that included key details like case facts, lower court histories, and the final decision overview.

Creating Detailed Case Notes with Comprehensive Metadata and Summaries to Enhance Legal Research and Analysis

Impact

The structured case notes, complete with metadata and summaries, streamlined the research process, allowing attorneys to make faster, more informed decisions on which cases to reference. This timely availability of case notes on the day judgments were passed bolstered the client’s standing as a reliable and essential resource for legal professionals.

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Transforming Mortgage Underwriting with AI Driven Bank Statement Analysis

Transforming Mortgage Underwriting with AI-Driven Bank Statement Analysis

Challenge

A non-QM lender analyzing bank statements to estimate self- employed borrowers’ income sought a strategic advantage in speeding up the process and providing quicker conditional approvals. The existing manual analysis was time-consuming, required extensive staff training, and struggled to scale during peak application periods. While an AI-driven platform could automate the process, it needed near-perfect data capture and fraud detection to be effective.

DDD’s Solution

We implemented a human-augmented document scanning process that achieved over 99.9% accuracy by comparing captured data against original bank statements and correcting any discrepancies through a machine-learning loop. This iterative process improved data accuracy with each cycle. For three months, manual statement analysis continued alongside the automated system, allowing underwriters to provide feedback to refine the fraud detection model.

Harnessing AI to Accelerate Mortgage Applications, Improve Accuracy, and Scale Operations 

Impact

The manual process, which previously added three business days to mortgage underwriting, was replaced with a fully automated system that reduced processing time to under three hours per application. This shift enabled underwriters to focus on full-file underwriting, increasing loan production capacity without additional headcount.

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Enhancing Legal Precision and Compliance with RLHF

Challenge

A legal services team adopted generative AI to accelerate contract drafting and document review. While the system produced fluent outputs, the responses were often too generic and missed the firm’s policy and jurisdiction-specific nuances. This resulted in heavy downstream review, increased billable hours for low-value tasks, and heightened risk of regulatory non-compliance.


DDD’s Solution

DDD applied Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) to align the AI system with precision. SMEs and compliance specialists reward modeling on firm-specific documents, capturing factual precision, policy adherence, and professional tone. These labels trained reward models to guide AI decision-making. Our multilingual evaluators with legal expertise conducted pairwise scoring and rubric-based reviews, ensuring responses met regulatory standards and respected client confidentiality. The RLHF pipeline was stress-tested against edge-case scenarios, including adversarial legal prompts, to reduce hallucinations while maintaining fluency and accuracy.

“Transforming a generic AI drafting tool into a policy-aware legal assistant with RLHF”

Impact

After RLHF optimization, the client saw:

  • 35% reduction in review time, enabling attorneys to focus on strategic advisory and litigation preparation rather than repetitive corrections.

  • Significant gains in compliance alignment, with outputs consistently adhering to firm policy and regional legal frameworks.

  • Attorneys reported fewer escalations to senior partners and greater confidence in draft documents.

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Splines — Lane Lines and Curbs Enhanced road safety with precision in lane line and curb annotation

Splines — Lane Lines and Curbs Enhanced road safety with precision in lane line and curb annotation

Challenge

Safe autonomous vehicle navigation depends on the detailed annotation of road features like lane lines, road edges, and curbs and the ability of onboard mapping models to adapt to real-time road conditions and changes, like temporary lane lines or changes in road layout. The challenge lies in annotating road features in camera images using splines and polylines—annotations that underlie the base dataset for onboard mapping models. The better the annotations, the better the models can adapt to those changing conditions, which is why our client needed a workforce trained in precision spline annotations.

DDD’s Solution

DDD tackled the challenge by developing a specialized team of 50 annotators to annotate lane lines and road edges. We adopted new quality metrics, including points per line length, line continuity, and F1 scoring. In an ongoing engagement spanning more than two years, we now label more than 100,000 lines monthly and maintain more than 96% quality across all metrics.

Empowering real-time road analyses through advanced spline annotation.

Impact

The precision and reliability of our team’s spline annotation work allowed our client to complete a successful test in the first city and expand into several others. The expansion speaks to our client’s confidence in our ability to deliver reliable, accurate data. Thanks to the DDD team, our client’s cloud-driven mapping model seamlessly adapts and makes real-time adjustments based on road changes

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